What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?

A persistent dry cough is a well-known side effect associated with ACE inhibitors, which are primarily used to manage hypertension and heart failure. This side effect occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin, a peptide that is not broken down efficiently when ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) is inhibited. The resulting elevation in bradykinin levels can lead to irritation of the respiratory tract, causing the cough.

The other choices do not typically correlate with the pharmacological action of ACE inhibitors. For instance, increased appetite, weight loss, and euphoric mood are not commonly reported side effects of these medications. Instead, patients on ACE inhibitors may experience changes in blood pressure regulation, electrolyte balance, and renal function due to the drug’s impact on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, but these do not manifest as the options listed here.